{"id":4508,"date":"2025-11-15T17:40:56","date_gmt":"2025-11-15T14:10:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pirhaniway.com\/blog\/?p=4508"},"modified":"2025-11-17T11:58:24","modified_gmt":"2025-11-17T08:28:24","slug":"advanced-english-grammar-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pirhaniway.com\/blog\/advanced-english-grammar-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc | \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c \u0627\u06cc"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u00ab\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u00bb \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u00ab\u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u0633\u062e\u0646\u200c\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0646\u00bb \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0686\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0686\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0686\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 Speaking \u0648 Writing \u0628\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 inversion \u0648 cleft sentences \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0627 reduced clauses \u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u200c \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u060c \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0686\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061f<\/h2>\n

\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633 \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u00ab\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u00bb \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u00ab\u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0645\u0646\u062f\u00bb \u0648 \u00ab\u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u00bb \u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f. \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f inversion\u060c cleft sentences\u060c reduced clauses\u060c mixed conditionals\u060c subjunctive \u0648 nominalization\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647: \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u00abAspect\u00bb<\/h2>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062f\u062a\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc (narrative) \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 Writing \u0648 Speaking \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1- \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u06cc (Perfect Continuous Tenses):<\/h3>\n

\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u00ab\u0645\u062f\u062a\u200c \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u00bb \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0645 \u00ab\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u00bb \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u00ab\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u00bb \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062f\u0631 Writing \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Present Perfect Continuous<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631:<\/p>\n

Subject + have\/has been + V-ing<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
I have been studying English for ten years<\/td>\n\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u063a\u0648\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

Past Perfect Continuous<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631:<\/p>\n

Subject + had been + V-ing<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
She had been working there for five years before she got promote<\/td>\n\u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f\u060c \u067e\u0646\u062c \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

Future Perfect Continuous<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631:<\/p>\n

Subject + will have been + V-ing<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
By next June, they will have been living in London for a decade<\/td>\n\u062a\u0627 \u0698\u0648\u0626\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2- \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646 (Narrative Tenses):<\/h3>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0628\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u00ab\u067e\u0633\u200c\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc\u00bb \u0648 \u00ab\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644\u200c\u062a\u0631\u00bb \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0622\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634\u200c\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc:<\/p>\n

When I arrived, they had already been waiting for half an hour, and it was clear they were getting impatient<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0635\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0637\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc (Mixed Conditionals)<\/h2>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0637\u06cc \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u00ab\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647\u00bb \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u00ab\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u00bb \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0639\u06a9\u0633. \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0637\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0648 inversion \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0634\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0636\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u0647\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1- \u0634\u0631\u0637\u06cc\u200c \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc (Mixed Conditionals):<\/h3>\n

Mixed conditionals \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Writing \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0634\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u0647\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u06f1 \u2013 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644:<\/strong><\/p>\n

If + past perfect, would + base verb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
If I had chosen a different major, I would have a completely different life now<\/td>\n\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u06f2 \u2013 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 (\u06a9\u0645\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647):<\/strong><\/p>\n

If + past simple, would have + past participle<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
If she were more organized, she wouldn\u2019t have missed the deadline<\/td>\n\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0636\u0631\u0628\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2- Inversion \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 (\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647):<\/h3>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 if\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 inversion<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u060c \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0648 Writing \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c:<\/strong><\/p>\n

If I had known \u2192 Had I known<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Had I known about the meeting, I would have attended<\/td>\n\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0647 \u062e\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

If she should need help \u2192 Should she need help<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Should you have any questions, feel free to contact me<\/td>\n\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0637\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Inversion \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f (\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc)<\/h2>\n

Inversion \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644<\/strong> \u0648 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9\u06cc\/\u0645\u0648\u062f\u06cc<\/strong> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0646. \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u060c inversion \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0630\u0627\u0628\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 Writing \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1- Inversion \u0628\u0627 \u0642\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u0647\u200c \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc:<\/h3>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 never, rarely, seldom, hardly, scarcely, no sooner \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 inversion \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0642\u0648\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Never \/ Rarely \/ Seldom \/ Hardly \/ No sooner + auxiliary + subject + main verb<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Never have I seen such a dedicated student<\/td>\n\u0647\u0631\u06af\u0632 \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hardly had we started the meeting when the manager interrupted<\/td>\n\u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
No sooner had she arrived than the phone rang<\/td>\n\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0645\u062d\u0636 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0632\u0646\u06af \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2- Inversion \u0628\u0627 only, little \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f\u06cc:<\/h3>\n

\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0632 only \u06cc\u0627 little \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 inversion \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Writing \u0633\u0637\u062d C1 \u0648 C2 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Only then did I realize how serious the situation was<\/td>\n\u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0686\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Little did they know that their decision would change everything<\/td>\n\u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0686\u06cc\u0632 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cleft Sentences \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f\u06cc<\/h2>\n

Cleft sentences \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0634\u0646\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 Writing \u0648 Speaking \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u060c cleft sentences \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1- It-cleft (\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 It is\/was \u2026 that):<\/h3>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 It is\/was\u2026 that \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 spoken English \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648:<\/strong><\/p>\n

It is\/was + focused part + that\/who + rest of the sentence<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
It was my teacher who encouraged me to study abroad<\/td>\n\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0642 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
It is communication skills that many employers value the most<\/td>\n\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0647\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2- What-cleft (\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 What \u2026 is\/was):<\/h3>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 cleft\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 what \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u00ab\u0639\u0645\u0644\u00bb \u06cc\u0627 \u00ab\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc\u00bb \u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0633\u062f \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648:<\/strong><\/p>\n

What + clause + is\/was + focus<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
What I need now is a short break<\/td>\n\u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0645\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
What matters most in language learning is consistency<\/td>\n\u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Reduced Clauses \u0648 Non-finite Clauses (\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647)<\/h2>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0632 reduced clauses<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc V-ing \u060cV-ed \u06cc\u0627 to-infinitive \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1- \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647\u200c \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u06cc (Reduced Relative Clauses):<\/h3>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u200c \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 -ing \u06cc\u0627 -ed \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0634\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Students who study regularly often achieve better results<\/td>\n\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Students studying regularly often achieve better results<\/td>\n\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
The books that were written by this author are very popular<\/td>\n\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
The books written by this author are very popular<\/td>\n\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2- Reduced Adverbial Clauses (\u0628\u0627 V-ing \/ V-ed \/ Having + V-ed):<\/h3>\n

\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc (when, while, after, before, because\u2026) \u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 Writing \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
While he was walking to work, he listened to a podcast<\/td>\n\u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0627\u062f\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u06af\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Walking to work, he listened to a podcast<\/td>\n\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0627\u062f\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u06af\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
After he had finished his homework, he went out with his friends<\/td>\n\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0642\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Having finished his homework, he went out with his friends<\/td>\n\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0642\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Subjunctive \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc<\/h2>\n

Subjunctive \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u00ab\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u00bb \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627 wish\u060c if only \u0648 would rather \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0634\u06a9\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u0650 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1- Subjunctive \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc (It is essential that\u2026):<\/h3>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 should \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 s \u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 to \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
It is essential that he be present at the meeting<\/td>\n\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0647 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
They recommended that the report be revised<\/td>\n\u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2- Wish, If only, Would rather (\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0631\u0632\u0648 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u062d):<\/h3>\n

\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u00ab\u0622\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u067e\u0634\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u00bb \u0648 \u00ab\u062a\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u062d\u00bb \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 Speaking \u0648 Writing (\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b Task 2 \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633) \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0622\u0631\u0632\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644 (\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc):<\/strong><\/p>\n

wish \/ if only + past simple<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
I wish I had more time to travel<\/td>\n\u06a9\u0627\u0634 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u067e\u0634\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647:<\/strong><\/p>\n

wish \/ if only + past perfect<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
If only I had listened to your advice<\/td>\n\u06a9\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0635\u06cc\u062d\u062a\u062a \u06af\u0648\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062a\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u062d:<\/strong><\/p>\n

would rather + past simple (\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644\/\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n

<\/main> <\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
I\u2019d rather you didn\u2019t smoke here<\/td>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u06a9\u0634\u06cc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644 (Advanced Passive)<\/h2>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 That book was written by\u2026 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u00ab\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647\u00bb \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc \u00ab\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u00bb \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062f\u0631 Writing \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1- \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc (Reporting Passive):<\/h3>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u00ab\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u2026\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0646\u062f\u2026\u00bb \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0645 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n

…It is said that<\/strong><\/p>\n

…It is believed that<\/strong><\/p>\n

…X is thought\/considered\/known to<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c \u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
It is believed that bilingualism improves cognitive flexibility<\/td>\n\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u200c\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u062e\u0634\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
The CEO is reported to have resigned<\/td>\n\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0641\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2- Have\/Get something done (\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u00ab\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc\u00bb):<\/h3>\n

\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u00ab\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u0645\u00bb \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Subject + have\/get + object + past participle<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
I had my car repaired yesterday<\/td>\n\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f. \/ \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
We are getting the website redesigned next month<\/td>\n\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nominalization \u0648 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc\u06a9<\/h2>\n

Nominalization \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u061b \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0634\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 Writing \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1- \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0635\u0641\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645 (Process \u2192 Noun)<\/h3>\n

\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u00abWe analyzed the data\u00bb, \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u0645 \u00abOur analysis of the data\u2026\u00bb. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
We decided to change the policy<\/td>\n\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u06cc\u0645 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Our decision to change the policy was unexpected<\/td>\n\u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
The students performed well<\/td>\n\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
The students\u2019 performance was impressive<\/td>\n\u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0686\u0634\u0645\u06af\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2- Hedging (\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0642\u0637\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0647):<\/h3>\n

\u062f\u0631 Writing \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u06f1\u06f0\u06f0\u066a \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 seem, tend, appear \u0648 \u0642\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 generally\u060c often\u060c possibly \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u00ab\u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631\u00bb \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
This method seems to be effective in most cases<\/td>\n\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0633\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Children exposed to two languages tend to develop better metalinguistic awareness<\/td>\n\u06a9\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0622\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ellipsis \u0648 Substitution: \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0647\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\n

Ellipsis \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1- Ellipsis \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af (Coordinated Clauses):<\/h3>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0634\u062a \u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u06cc \u0628\u062e\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0686\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0646\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647\/\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Some students prefer studying in the morning, and others in the evening<\/td>\n\u0628\u0639\u0636\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0635\u0628\u062d\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
She can speak English fluently, and her sister too<\/td>\n\u0627\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0634 \u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2- Substitution \u0628\u0627 do\/one\/ones:<\/h3>\n

\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u06cc\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 do\u060c one\u060c ones \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
I haven\u2019t finished my homework yet, but I\u2019ll do it later<\/td>\n\u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0642\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
I prefer the red shoes to the blue ones<\/td>\n\u0645\u0646 \u06a9\u0641\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Parallelism \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 (Discourse Markers)<\/h2>\n

Parallelism \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 Writing \u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 (\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633 \u06f7 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627) \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
The course aims to improve your reading, writing, and speaking skills<\/td>\n\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0647\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
She is not only intelligent but also incredibly hardworking<\/td>\n\u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u200c \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 (However, Nevertheless, Moreover, On the other hand)<\/h3>\n

\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0648 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
However, this approach has several limitations<\/td>\n\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Moreover, recent studies support this hypothesis<\/td>\n\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u06cc\u0647 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
On the other hand, some learners prefer online courses<\/td>\n\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/article>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647<\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0627\u0632\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u00ab\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u00bb<\/li>\n
  2. \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 mixed conditionals<\/li>\n
  3. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 inversion \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/li>\n
  4. nominalization \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n
  5. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0686\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0647)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647\u0654 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc: <\/strong>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u00ab\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u00bb \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u062e\u062a\u06cc \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n

    \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/strong>. \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n
    2. \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647 cleft \u06cc\u0627 inversion)<\/li>\n
    3. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 Writing \u0648 Speaking \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062c\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/h2>\n

       <\/p>\n

      1. \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/p>\n

      \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 B1 \u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 (Intermediate \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627) \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0637\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062b\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      2. \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/p>\n

      \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06f6 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0647. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06f7 \u0648 \u06f7.\u06f5 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 Writing \u0648 Speaking \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 Grammatical Range and Accuracy \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      3. \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0645\u061f<\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0631 Writing \u0648 Speaking \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 mixed conditionals\u060c cleft sentences\u060c reduced clauses\u060c inversion \u0648 passive \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      4. \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u06a9\u0646\u0645\u061f<\/p>\n

      \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u062e\u0634\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u00ab\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u00bb \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      5. \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/p>\n

      \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u060c \u06f3\u2013\u06f4 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u06f3\u2013\u06f5 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0627\u0646. \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u060c \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/h2>\n

      \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u00ab\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u00bb \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u00ab\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u00bb \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 inversion\u060c cleft sentences\u060c reduced clauses\u060c mixed conditionals\u060c passive \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 nominalization \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0641\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642 \u0648 \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0634\u062a \u0633\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c \u0627\u06cc<\/strong><\/a>\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u062e\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061b \u0627\u0632 inversion \u0648 cleft sentences \u062a\u0627 mixed conditionals \u0648 nominalization. \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u06cc \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0648 \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,36],"tags":[1039,1040,1044,648,1041,749,1045,1038,1037,1042,1036,1043,748],"class_list":["post-4508","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-english","category-e-grammar","tag-cleft-sentence-","tag-inversion--","tag-passive--","tag-pirhaniway","tag-reduced-clause--","tag-749","tag--writing-","tag-1038","tag-1037","tag-1042","tag-1036","tag---c1--c2","tag-748","content_level-c1-c2"],"yoast_head":"\n\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc | \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc 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